With eye tracking becoming pervasive, researchers face fundamentally new challenges regarding privacy and ethics. However, these critical topics have received little attention in the eye tracking community so far. An active discussion about ethical and social implications as well as issues of data privacy is important for the further development of pervasive eye tracking technology and its acceptance in society.
This workshop aims to become the premier forum for these discussions as well as for the presentation of technical solutions towards privacy-aware and ethical eye tracking. Continuing the successful privacy panel held for the first time at ACM ETRA 2019, this interdisciplinary workshop will bring together researchers and practitioners from
- eye tracking,
- (usable) privacy,
- human-computer interaction,
- psychology
- and other eye tracking-related research fields,
- and industry.
The first part of the workshop will feature perspective talks given by experts on ethical, legal, and social aspects of eye tracking as well as challenges related to privacy when recording eye movements (see below for their profiles). In the second part, attendees will discuss these complementary perspectives in further detail in separate break-out groups supported by the respective expert. The result of these break-out groups will be short presentations summarising the main insights or findings of these discussions. Finally, each break-out group will present their discussion outcomes to the other groups with the goal of achieving a better understanding of the interdisciplinary character, the challenges, but also opportunities of privacy and ethics in eye tracking.
Based on the discussions and the network created at the workshop, we plan to edit a special issue in a journal on the topic of privacy and ethics in eye tracking. We hope to form a community around these topics and to establish the first of a whole series of follow-up workshops or (Dagstuhl) seminars.
As such, the topics that we may cover include but are not limited to
- Studies on Privacy-sensitive information that can be extracted from the eyes
- Empirical analyses of privacy risks for eye tracking users and bystanders
- Analyses of privacy risks from eyes in combination with other modalities and/or body-worn sensors
- Computational methods for privacy-preserving gaze data analysis
- Hardware solutions for privacy-aware and ethical eye tracking
- Ethical considerations on the usage of gaze data for research, in medical devices, in commercial products etc.
- User studies on the awareness of privacy and ethical issues arising from the usage of pervasive eye tracking
Speakers
Céline Gressel
Céline Gressel works as a sociologist of technology at the International Center for Ethics in Science and Humanities at the University of Tübingen. She studied sociology, psychology, and education in Tübingen. Her approach to technical issues is guided by the principles of qualitative empirical social research, namely Grounded Theory. Already in her magister thesis she dealt with questions of the interactions between humans and technology and its consequences for societal aspects. In her last project, she researched social aspects of new technologies and how to integrate them at early stages into technical developments. As an ELSI partner, she is currently working on VR/AR and eye-tracking from ethical and sociological perspectives. Slides
Helmut Lurtz
Helmut Lurtz is an attorney specialized in data protection law and IT law. After having worked for a leading international law firm, he is currently working on
his PhD about the influence of the European GDPR on the working environment of the Industrial-IoT. At the chair for Public Law, IT Law and Environmental Law of
the University Kassel he worked on several research projects, such as “IDeA”, in which he investigated the legal challenges of a diagnosis and e-assistance
system based on an augmented-reality system for ophthalmic diseases. One of the main goals of this project was to find privacy-preserving solutions for the
eye-tracking of the users and the processing of personal data of third persons. Slides
Murat Karaboga
Murat Karaboga is a political scientist and has been working at the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovations Research ISI in Karlsruhe
since 2014. In his research, he examines how new technologies can find their way into society without bringing negative side effects. In his recently
completed PhD, he examined the emergence of the GDPR, taking into account the privacy perceptions of the actors involved. In the meantime, he also
worked on studying the privacy implications of new technologies such as smart cars, IoT applications, and blockchain technology. Currently he is
working on the topics of the regulation of Speech, Voice and Facial Recognition and of Deepfake technologies. Slides
Rebekah Overdorf
Rebekah Overdorf is a computer scientist and a postdoctoral researcher at EPFL in Switzerland where she studies the effects that machine learning can have on privacy and the ways in which machine learning can be used to attack private systems and infer private information. Her research revolves around the negative impacts of technical optimization systems on the users,
non-users, and on the environments in which they are deployed. Slides
Program
| 09:00 – 09:05 | Welcome |
| 09:05 – 10:00 | Perspective presentations: Ethics, Legal, Social, Technical (10min each) |
| 10:00 – 10:20 | Perspective discussion |
| 10:20 – 10:25 | Short break |
| 10:25 – 11:00 | Breakout groups |
| 11:00 – 11:40 | Breakout presentations and discussion |
| 11:40 – 11:55 | General discussion |
| 11:55 – 12:00 | Closing |
Organizers
Inken Hagestedt, CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security
Inken Hagestedt is a final-year PhD student at the CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Germany. She is interested in privacy-preserving computation and sharing of biomedical data including epigenetic and eye tracking data.
Michael Raschke, Blickshift GmbH
Michael Raschke is Co-Founder and managing director of
Blickshift GmbH and an expert for a visualization-based eye movement
analysis. Since 2009 he has been working on new methods and techniques
for the analysis of perceptual and cognitive processes at the Institute
for Visualization and Interactive Systems at the University of
Stuttgart. In 2016 he founded Blickshift GmbH together with two of his
former colleagues from the institute to transfer research results in eye
tracking analysis into commercial products.
Céline Gressel, University of Tuebingen
Céline Gressel studied sociology, psychology and education in
Tübingen. Simultaneously, in 2011 she started to work at the IZEW. From
March 2016 she worked as a research assistant in INTEGRAM. In December
2018 she started her new project HIVE-Lab whereshe works on the
Sociology of technology, Qualitative methods of empirical social
research, in particular Grounded Theory, Ethics in the sciences and
humanities an especially on the Integration of social, ethical an legal
aspects into technology development.
Andreas Bulling, University of Stuttgart
Andreas Bulling is Full Professor of Human-Computer Interaction
and Cognitive Systems at the University of Stuttgart. His research interests are in novel computational
methods and systems to sense, model, and analyze everyday non-verbal
human behavior, specifically gaze. He was one of the organisers and
panelist of the privacy in eye tracking panel at ACM ETRA 2019. He
received his PhD in Information Technology and Electrical Engineering
from ETH Zurich and his MSc in Computer Science from the Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology.